…into an IBM card using a coding system. “The combination of the maps and the codes,” Lowe summarized, “is what constitutes the Bombing Encyclopedia” (1946:13). Using it, an analyst could…

…it was that the geography of civilization’s expanse had been marked by the security of sustenance close at hand, guided from its earliest days by codes outlining the laws of…

…from the Academy of Pumbeditha in Iraq. Today, however, the Genizah Collection is as famous for its documentary material—Schechter’s “secular record office”—as for its Bibles and liturgies. The earliest documents…

…2010 remain a standard reference point for anyone writing about international affairs nearly seven years later, while the Afghanistan and Iraq War logs continue to be the subject of academic…

…to maintain: codes and calibrating fluid; lancets to draw blood from fingertips (for which some people substituted pins or sewing needles); and lithium and other specialized imported batteries, for which…

…Lomax believed that human beings were “revising and reorganizing” their behavior each and every day, and then passing on their collective wisdom “as parts of symbolic cultural codes, rather than…

…officer and taking hostages at a kosher supermarket. The associate had pledged his allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq in the Levant (ISIL). Eventually police killed all three of…

…Africa, Iraq, and Syria, are probably smuggling objects out of war zones and buying looted artifacts from the international gray/black antiquities market to save at least some of them from…

…search the data began to launch. These were front ends for the leak, comparable in outline with the landmark Diary Dig project for searching the leaked data in the Iraq…

…scenarios is a matter of much debate; experienced interrogators say such information is never useful.) During the post-9/11 campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq, these techniques reemerged, in a story that…

…Iraq and Afghanistan (see Redacted-Texas TAO 2010; SID Today 2004). Prioritizing offensive hacking over defense became very easy in this context. An anonymous NSA author explained the danger in 1997:…

…security capabilities remain undeployed by—or inaccessible to—their users. In one 2009 incident very important in thinking about such IoT-enabled hacking, Shi’ite insurgent forces in Iraq hacked U.S. military surveillance drones,…