…its original state within forty minutes. For this, the sentencing recommendation from pre-trial services was 7 ½ years, the government asked for 5, and the judge gave him 2. Again,…

…of recipes developed for the Battle Creek Sanitarium, forming the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company in 1906 as the forerunner to the modern Kellogg Company. 1900s: The necessity of…

…the code to copy itself and spread. On the other hand, his conviction for Fraud and Abuse clearly sends a different message—that this was a criminal act, and as the…

…control methods, regulatory and legal issues, cryptography, policy development, and “information ethics” (Tipton 1993). Importantly, certification also required that members swear to uphold the (ISC)2 code of ethics. For many…

…is for many other engineers, at best a word for tentative work (as in: “This is just a hack”) or for using technologies for other purposes than those originally intended…

…face immediate 2-week suspensions for a first offense, and expulsion for a second offense. These are in addition to any charges that the police choose to lay. Parents, this is…

…grounds for their authority, reconceiving the object of development—poverty—by forging new metrics of aid success, by developing new techniques for its measurement, and by adopting new devices amenable to this…

…infiltrated systems for all sorts of reasons—for fun, learning, and showmanship—and in the process swiped data and documents but never released them. For decades, hackers have also acquired and published…

…and the figure of the biohacker have gained momentum. Sequencing DNA and developing open source software tools for bioinformatics were described as “hacking the mother code” (Regis 1995) or “hacking…

…it opens the way for other countries to view this as a viable option for responding to disputes instead of going the old routes: through the UN or attacking the…

…of scale; pasteurization meant that cheese could be safely made from older milk that had traveled greater distances. Today, cheese destined for the dairy case (or a pizza, for that…

…of Kenyans and many government offices, Safaricom was tasked with building a multimillion-dollar surveillance system for Kenya’s national security apparatus in 2014. But one regulator gave perhaps the best summary…

…may be a resource, a cosmological force, or quotidian oscillating pressures, but in the quest for renewable forms of power, wind’s infrastructural capacities are made more tempestuous through the manifold…

…also responsible for the management of security clearances, not only for federal employees but also for the millions of contractors who serve in security-sensitive capacities. Until 1996, OPM itself conducted…

…the researcher’s abstract elucidated their braggadocio of a low budget exploit of Tor for around $3000, as well as a call out to others to try: Looking for the IP…

…emails were in essence many events chained together, each event a chance for journalists to lose interpretive authority. This multiple-event release model created more opportunities for conspiratorial interpretations to be…

…In the infosec world there’s sort of a fetish for technical achievements. And it’s understandable, it’s not the only field. But sometimes this fetish for the latest, amazing zero-day, or…

…citizens. For most of the twentieth century, economists and regulators considered electricity unsuited for competition (see Özden-Schilling [2015] for the origins of electricity’s “natural monopoly” status). Large, vertically integrated companies…

…hacker willing to break both laws and locks in his quest for free access. In his 2008 “Guerilla Open Access Manifesto” (Swartz 2008), he forcefully argued for the unilateral liberation…

…philosophically insurmountable for AI. In recent years, however, technologists have found a new workaround to the limits of AI. The “human computation” movement in computer science has advocated for “leveraging…

…use of social media for electoral purposes disrupts these neat definitions. Although social media are not political by definition—they can be used for many purposes—they allow something appealing for political…

…form when strangers consume media forms, like newspapers, newscasts, and novels. As they respond to these forms, and imagine countless others throughout their cities, states, or nations doing the same,…

…of Collier’s (2011) work on the post-Soviet social, the notion of the social or society has remained important for both projects, albeit in different forms. Thus, for Becker (1997:150), sin…

…at risk of extinction, but likely to become so in the “foreseeable future.” The language of the ESA has, not surprisingly, opened the door for critics to challenge the Fish…

…of the reasons for publishing a five-year plan is precisely to make the state of the nation’s infrastructure public, fostering “transparency for the wider business community and general public about…