…Food and Drug Administration shall not approve for use in food any chemical additive found to induce cancer in man, or, after tests, found to induce cancer in animals.” The…

…Viruses operate on the analogy of biological viruses by inserting a bit of code into a running program which exploits a vulnerability to allow it to replicate, and potentially, to…

…initiating systems to kicking off startups, but in the context of Engelbart’s work, bootstrapping is the “…interesting (recursive) assignment of developing tools and techniques to make it more effective at…

In winter of 2014, an inquiry from a journalist landed in my email inbox. His message opened innocently: “how can I can safely and effectively get plugged into the hacker…

…in India” (Phadnis 2013:1). To undermine the U.S. intelligence machinery, it implied, was also to demonstrate technical mastery. These responses illustrate a tension within the CEH credential: it sought to…

…that a technological intervention is also a political one is inscribed as a double meaning in his post’s title: “The Internet Enables Incubator Progress.” However, as in the previous example,…

…their role unfilled. It implicitly encourages each individual coming into contact with the information to “judge for themselves” its relevance and meaning. This is similar to Benjamin’s observations on the…

…organizations that interact intensely and largely exclusively start to converge in structure and processes so that their interactions can themselves become efficient. In other words, the larger and more intimately…

…to behave that way. If he failed to help them get their code into Huawei’s fleet, he’d have to answer to governments around the world. If they failed to help…

…usage of it. Obviously, the CIA has been involved in influencing elections for a long time, and other intelligence agencies have as well. But it’s new to do it in…

…to elucidate how they could actually obtain them (Kopstein 2016). “Campfire” XKCD 742 Whoever wanted to know the IP address would have to be in control of many nodes in…

…but also building a new financial industry around the packaging and resale of these loans to foreign investors (Langevin 2017). These firms have managed in some cases to securitize large…

…human rights in a connected society while continuing to act as its gatekeepers. Whether creating or contributing to free software, helping someone in need, or pushing internet corporations to be…

…factory brought industrial development to a nineteenth-century agrarian community, employment, local festivals with fireworks in the early twentieth century, and a rock festival today called Suikerrock (Sugar Rock). In 2002,…

…unknown) to consumers. Instead of waiting for companies and governments to provide truthful representations of foods and their ingredients, citizens are encouraged to “take things into their own hands,” append…

…into the electricity industry is the first tangible change that occurred in the twenty-first century in the United States. To be exchangeable, electricity must be standardized not only in terms…

…investigated the area are entirely unreliable but…this situation appears to call for a more careful investigation to determine the incidence of infection and the area of country involved.” Responding to…

…to its time and status information. This string is then signed with NIST’s private key, a cryptographic tool for proving that NIST in fact sent it; that collection of data…

…their data and must explain, in front of their own chief, how they responded to the reported crimes in their precinct. They are asked to analyze and use for themselves,…

…to log into a site from password-guessing algorithms trying to break in; CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart. CAPTCHAs succeed at blocking…

…incentive to invest money in making sure their systems are vulnerability-free, because security isn’t a key value proposition in their business model, it’s merely an overhead cost to be minimized….

…efforts to coerce internet service providers [ISPs] into blocking sites and traffic) but mostly offered a salacious opportunity to read the correspondence of executives being awful to each other on…

…(NGOs) involved in fair trade try to create a solidarity that is supposed to shorten these distances. In the case of CSAs, the idea is also to bridge consumption and…